Solutions Manual to accompany Fundamentals of Thermodynamics 6th edition 9780471152323

Product details:

ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0471152323
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0471152323
Author: Richard E. Sonntag, Claus Borgnakke and Gordon J. Van Wylen

For the past three decades, Sonntag, Borgnakke, and Van Wylen’s FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS has been the leading textbook in the field. Now updated and enhanced with numerous worked examples, homework problems, and illustrations, and a rich selection of Web-based learning resources, the new Sixth Edition continues to present a comprehensive and rigorous treatment of classical thermodynamics, while retaining an engineering perspective.

The text lays the groundwork for subsequent studies in fields such as fluid mechanics, heat transfer and statistical thermodynamics, and prepares students to effectively apply thermodynamics in the practice of engineering.

Table contents:

	PREFACE	xv
1	BASIC CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS	1
	1-1 The Nature of Thermodynamics	2
	1-2 Dimensions and Units	3
	1-3 System, Property, and State	8
	1-4 Density, Specific Volume, and Specific Gravity	13
	1-5 Pressure	14
	1-6 The Zeroth Law and Temperature	20
	1-7 Problem-Solving Techniques	25
	1-8 Summary	27
	1-9 Problems	29
2	THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS	36
	2-1 Concepts of Work and Energy	37
	2-2 The First Law of Thermodynamics	49
	2-3 A Conservation of Energy Principle for Closed Systems	50
	2-4 The Nature of the Energy E	56
	2-5 Heat Transfer	58
	2-6 Expansion and Compression Work	61
	2-7 Elastic Spring Work	71
	2-8 Other Quasiequilibrium Work Interactions	73
	2-9 Summary	77
	Problems	78
3	PROPERTIES OF A PURE, SIMPLE COMPRESSIBLE SUBSTANCE	95
	3-1 The State Postulate and Simple Systems	96
	3-2 The PvT Surface	97
	3-3 The Pressure-Temperature Diagram	100
	3-4 The Pressure-Specific Volume Diagram	101
	3-5 The Temperature-Specific Volume Diagram	103
	3-6 Tables of Properties of Pure Substances	104
	3-7 Tabular Data and Closed-System Energy Analysis	119
	3-8 The Specific Heats	126
	3-9 Summary	128
	3-10 Appendix: Fundamentals of Partial Derivatives	130
	Problems	131
4	THE IDEAL GAS, CORRESPONDING STATES, AND INCOMPRESSIBLE MODELS	148
	4-1 Ideal-Gas Equation of State	149
	4-2 Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and Specific-Heat Relations for Ideal Gases	153
	4-3 Specific Heats of Ideal Gases	155
	4-4 Energy Analysis of Closed Ideal-Gas Systems	161
	4-5 The Compressibility Factor and the Corresponding States Principle	166
	4-6 Property Relations for Incompressible Substances	172
	4-7 Summary	177
	Problems	178
5	CONTROL-VOLUME ENERGY ANALYSIS	200
	5-1 Introduction	201
	5-2 Conservation of Mass Principle for a Control Volume	201
	5-3 Conservation of Energy Principle for a Control Volume	208
	5-4 Steady-State Control-Volume Energy Equations	213
	5-5 Comments on Problem-Solving Techniques	215
	5-6 Engineering Applications Involving Steady-State Control Volumes	219
	5-7 Introduction to Thermodynamic Cycles	234
	5-8 Transient (Unsteady) Flow Analysis	240
	5-9 Summary	250
	Problems	251
6	THE SECOND LAW AND ENTROPY	279
	6-1 Introduction	280
	6-2 Heat Engines, Refrigerators, and Heat Pumps	282
	6-3 Second-Law Statements	288
	6-4 Reversible and Irreversible Processes	295
	6-5 The Second Law and Entropy—Classical Presentation	298
	6-5-1 Analytical Forms of the Kelvin-Planck Statement	299
	6-5-2 General Second-Law Limitations for Heat Engines	301
	6-5-3 The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale	304
	6-5-4 Performance Standards for Reversible Heat Engines	306
	6-5-5 The Clausius Inequality	308
	6-5-6 The Entropy Function	310
	6-5-7 Entropy Generation and the Closed-System Entropy Balance	311
	6-6 The Second Law and Entropy-Alternate Presentation	314
	6-6-1 The Second-Law Postulate	314
	6-6-2 An Entropy Balance for a Closed System	316
	6-6-3 The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale and the Carnot Efficiency	317
	6-6-4 Measuring the Entropy Function	320
	6-6-5 Equivalence of the Four Statements of the Second	321
	6-7 Entropy Balance for a Control Volume	323
	6-8 Increase in Entropy Principle for a Closed System	325
	6-9 Second-Law Limitations on the Performance of Heat Engines, Refrigerators, and Heat Pumps	327
	6-10 Heat Transfer and the TS Diagram	339
	6-10-1 Entropy Change for a Thermal-Energy Reservoir	339
	6-10-2 Entropy Generation Associated with Heat Transfer	341
	6-10-3 Loss in Work Potential Associated with Heat Transfer	344
	6-11 Applications	346
	6-12 Entropy in Terms of Randomness and Probability	354
	6-13 Summary	358
	Problems	360
7	EVALUATION OF ENTROPY CHANGE AND THE CONTROL-VOLUME ENTROPY BALANCE	385
	7-1 Graphical and Tabular Presentation of Entropy Data	386
	7-2 The T dS Equations for Pure, Simple Compressible Substances	393
	7-3 Entropy Change of an Ideal Gas	395
	7-4 Entropy Change of an Incompressible Substance	400
	7-5 Applications of the Steady-State Entropy Balance for a Control Volume	403
	7-6 Steady-Flow Work Relationships	413
	7-7 Summary 417
	Problems	419
8	SOME CONSEQUENCES OF THE SECOND LAW	435
	8-1 Isentropic Processes	436
	8-2 Adiabatic Efficiencies of Steady-Flow Devices	448
	8-3 The Carnot Cycle	462
	8-4 The Transient Adiabatic-Discharge Process	467
	8-5 Summary	469
	Problems	470
9	AVAILABILITY (EXERGY) AND IRREVERSIBILITY	487
	9-1 Introduction	488
	9-2 Work and Entropy Production	488
	9-3 Availability	491
	9-4 Control-Volume Availability Analysis	505
	9-5 Second-Law Efficiency or Effectiveness	511
	9-6 Summary	519
	Problems	521
10	NONREACTIVE IDEAL-GAS MIXTURES	530
	10-1 Composition Analysis of Gas Mixtures	531
	10-2 PvT Relationships for Ideal-Gas Mixtures	535
	10-3 Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and Entropy for Ideal-Gas Mixtures	538
	10-4 Mixing Processes Involving Ideal Gases	545
	10-5 Properties of an Ideal Gas-Vapor Mixture	550
	10-6 The Adiabatic-Saturation and Wet-Bulb Temperatures	558
	10-7 The Psychrometric Chart	561
	10-8 Air-Conditioning Processes	564
	10-9 Summary	585
	Problems	588
11	PvT BEHAVIOR OF REAL GASES AND REAL-GAS MIXTURES	614
	11-1 The Virial Equation of State	615
	11-2 Two-Constant Equations of State	616
	11-3 Other Equations of State	620
	11-4 Real-Gas Mixtures	622
	11-5 Summary	627
	Suggested Readings and References	629
	Problems	629
12	GENERALIZED THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS	634
	12-1 Fundamentals of Partial Derivatives	635
	12-2 Some Fundamental Property Relations	637
	12-3 Generalized Relations for Changes in Entropy, Internal Energy, and Enthalpy	639
	12-4 Generalized Relations for c_p and c_v	644
	12-5 Vapor Pressure and the Clapeyron Equation	649
	12-6 The Joule-Thomson Coefficient	653
	12-7 Generalized Thermodynamic Charts	657
	12-8 Development of Property Tables	664
	12-9 Summary	667
	Problems	669
13	CHEMICAL REACTIONS	679
	13-1 Stoichiometry of Reactions	680
	13-2 Actual Combustion Processes	686
	13-3 The Enthalpy of Formation	690
	13-4 Steady-Flow Energy Analysis of Reacting Mixtures	693
	13-5 Adiabatic Flame Temperature	698
	13-6 Constant-Volume Thermochemical Analysis	702
	13-7 Enthalpy of Reaction and Heating Values	706
	13-8 Second Law Analysis of Reactions	711
	13-9 Availability Analysis of Reacting Systems	716
	13-10 Fuel Cells	722
	13-11 Summary	729
	Problems	731
14	CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM	753
	14-1 Introduction	754
	14-2 The Gibbs Criterion	756
	14-3 Equilibrium and the Chemical Potential	759
	14-4 The Chemical Potential of an Ideal Gas	761
	14-5 The Equilibrium Constants K_o and K_p	762
	14-6 Calculation of K_o Values	765
	14-7 Calculation of Equilibrium Compositions	767
	14-8 First-Law Analysis of Equilibrium Ideal-Gas Mixtures	774
	14-9 The van’t Hoff Equation Relating K_o and Lh_R	777
	14-10 Simultaneous Reactions	779
	14-11 Summary	782
	Problems	783
15	GAS POWER CYCLES	797
	15-1 The Air-Standard Cycle	798
	15-2 The Air-Standard Carnot Cycle	799
	15-3 Some Introductory Nomenclature for Reciprocating Devices	802
	15-4 The Air-Standard Otto Cycle	803
	15-5 The Air-Standard Diesel Cycle and the Dual Cycle	808
	15-6 The Air-Standard Brayton Cycle	815
	15-7 Effect of Compressor and Turbine Irreversibilities	822
	15-8 The Regenerative Gas-Turbine Cycle	826
	15-9 The Processes of Intercooling and Reheating	830
	15-10 Gas-Turbine Cycles with Intercooling and Reheating	836
	15-11 Availability Analysis of a Gas Turbine Cycle	840
	15-12 Gas Turbines for Jet Propulsion	846
	15-13 Closed-Loop Gas-Turbine Cycles	856
	15-14 The Ericsson and Stirling Cycles	858
	15-15 Summary	861
	Problems	863
16	VAPOR POWER CYCLES	893
	16-1 The Rankine Cycle	894
	16-2 The Reheat Cycle	905
	16-3 The Regenerative Cycle	908
	16-4 Cogeneration Systems	921
	16-5 The Combined Cycle	925
	16-6 Applications of Vapor Cycles	929
	16-7 Availability Analysis of a Simple Steam Power Cycle	935
	16-8 Summary	939
	Problems	940
17	REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS	967
	17-1 The Reversed Carnot Cycle	968
	17-2 The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle	969
	17-3 Heat Pumps	980
	17-4 Cascade and Multistaged Vapor-Compression Systems	982
	17-5 Liquefaction and Solidification of Gases	989
	17-6 Gas Refrigeration Cycles	991
	17-7 Stirling Refrigeration Cycle	993
	17-8 Absorption Refrigeration	996
	17-9 Availability Analysis of a Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle	999
	17-10 Summary	1003
	Problems