Abnormal Psychology Core Concepts Butcher 2nd Edition Test Bank

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  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 020576844X
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0205768448
  • AUthor: James N. Butcher; Susan M Mineka

A briefer version of the most authoritative and respected introductory text for the abnormal psychology course. This allows instructors who prefer less detail to still use a research-oriented text. As in their more comprehensive version, the esteemed author team of Jim Butcher, Sue Mineka and Jill Hooley offers students a thoroughly researched and up-to-date explanation of psychopathology, creating a learning experience that invokes thought, increases awareness, and takes students to levels of understanding that other books do not offer.

Table of contents:

1. Abnormal Psychology Over Time

2. Causal Factors and Viewpoints

3. Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches

4. Stress and Stress-Related Disorders

5. Panic, Anxiety, and Their Disorders

6. Mood Disorders and Suicide

7. Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders

8. Eating Disorders and Obesity

9. Personality Disorders

10. Substance-Related Disorders

11. Sexual Variants, Abuse, and Dysfunctions

12. Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

13. Cognitive Disorders

14. Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

15. Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology

DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS:

Features, xvi

Preface, xix

Chapter 1. Abnormal Psychology over Time, 1

What Do We Mean by Abnormality?, 3

The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder, 5

Why Do We Need to Classify Mental Disorders?, 6

What Are the Disadvantages of Classification?, 6

How Does Culture Affect What Is Considered Abnormal?, 7

Culture-Specific Disorders, 8

How Common Are Mental Disorders?, 8

Prevalence and Incidence, 9

Prevalence Estimates for Mental Disorders, 9

Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior, 10

Demonology, Gods, and Magic, 11

Hippocrates’ Early Medical Concepts, 11

Later Greek and Roman Thought, 12

Views of Abnormality During the Middle Ages, 12

The Resurgence of Scientific Questioning in Europe, 13

The Establishment of Early Asylums, 13

Humanitarian Reform, 13

Mental Hospital Care in the Twenty-First Century, 15

The Emergence of Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior, 16

Biological Discoveries: Establishing the Link Between the Brain and Mental Disorder, 17

The Development of a Classification System, 17

The Development of the Psychological Basis of Mental Disorder, 18

The Evolution of the Psychological Research Tradition: Experimental Psychology, 20

Research Approaches in Abnormal Psychology, 22

Sources of Information, 22

Forming and Testing Hypotheses, 23

Research Designs, 25

Manipulating Variables: The Experimental Method in Abnormal Psychology, 26

Developments in Research 1.1: Do Magnets Help with Repetitive-Stress Injury?, 28

Unresolved Issues: Are We All Becoming Mentally Ill? The Expanding Horizons of Mental Disorder, 31

Summary, 31

Key Terms, 33

Chapter 2. Causal Factors and Viewpoints, 34

Causes and Risk Factors for Abnormal Behavior, 35

Necessary, Sufficient, and Contributory Causes, 35

Diathesis-Stress Models, 36

Viewpoints for Understanding the Causes of Abnormal Behavior, 38

The Biological Viewpoint and Causal Factors, 38

Neurotransmitter and Hormonal Abnormalities, 39

Developments in Research 2.1: Neurotransmission and Abnormal Behavior, 40

Genetic Vulnerabilities, 42

Developments in Thinking 2.2: Nature, Nurture, and Psychopathology: A New Look at an Old Topic, 44

Temperament, 45

Brain Dysfunction and Neural Plasticity, 46

The Impact of the Biological Viewpoint, 47

The Psychological Viewpoints, 47

The Psychodynamic Perspectives, 48

The Behavioral Perspective, 52

Developments in Thinking 2.3: The Humanistic and Existential Perspectives, 53

The Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective, 56

Psychological Causal Factors, 58

Early Deprivation or Trauma, 59

Inadequate Parenting Styles, 61

Marital Discord and Divorce, 63

Maladaptive Peer Relationships, 64

The Sociocultural Viewpoint and Causal Factors, 65

Uncovering Sociocultural Factors Through Cross-Cultural Studies, 66

Harmful Societal Influences, 67

The Impact of the Sociocultural Viewpoint, 69

Unresolved Issues: Theoretical Viewpoints and the Causes of Abnormal Behavior, 70

Summary, 71

Key Terms, 72

Chapter 3. Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches, 74

The Basic Elements in Assessment, 75

The Relationship Between Assessment and Diagnosis, 75

Taking a Social or Behavioral History, 75

Ensuring Culturally Sensitive Assessment Procedures, 76

Assessment of the Physical Organism, 77

The General Physical Examination, 77

The Neurological Examination, 77

The Neuropsychological Examination, 79

Psychosocial Assessment, 79

Assessment Interviews, 79

The Clinical Observation of Behavior, 80

Psychological Tests, 81

Advantages and Limitations of Objective Personality Tests, 86

The Integration of Assessment Data, 86

Classifying Abnormal Behavior, 87

Reliability and Validity, 88

Formal Diagnostic Classification of Mental Disorders, 88

An Overview of Treatment, 90

Psychosocial Approaches To Therapy, 91

Behavior Therapy, 91

Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 92

Humanistic-Experiential Therapies, 94

Psychodynamic Therapies, 96

Couple and Family Therapy, 98

Eclecticism and Integration, 100

Measuring Success in Psychotherapy, 100

Objectifying and Quantifying Change, 101

Would Change Occur Anyway?, 101

Can Therapy Be Harmful?, 101

Biological Approaches to Treatment, 102

Antipsychotic Drugs, 102

Antidepressant Drugs, 103

Anti-Anxiety Drugs, 107

Lithium and Other Mood-Stabilizing Drugs, 107

Electroconvulsive Therapy, 109

Neurosurgery, 110

Developments in Research 3.1: Treating Depressed Patients with Deep Brain Stimulation, 111

Unresolved Issues: Is There Bias in the Reporting of Drug Trials?, 111

Summary, 112

Key Terms, 114

Chapter 4. Stress and Physical and Mental Health, 115

What Is Stress?, 116

Stress and the DSM, 116

Factors Predisposing a Person to Stress, 117

Characteristics of Stressors, 118

Stress and the Stress Response, 119

Biological Costs of Stress, 120

The Mind-Body Connection, 120

Understanding the Immune System, 120

Developments in Research 4.1: Cytokines: The Link Between the Brain and the Immune System, 122

Stress and Physical Health, 122

Attitudes and Health, 122

Optimism, 122

Negative Affect, 123

Cardiovascular Disease, 123

Hypertension, 123

Coronary Heart Disease, 125

Risk and Casual Factors in Cardiovascular Disease, 125

Treatment of Stress-Related Disorders, 127

Emotional Disclosure, 127

Biofeedback, 128

Relaxation and Meditation, 128

Psychological Reactions to Stress, 128

Adjustment Disorder, 129

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 129

Clinical Description, 129

Prevalence of PTSD in the General Population, 130

Rates of PTSD After Exposure to Specific Stressors, 131

Causal Factors in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 132

Long-Term Effects of Post-Traumatic Stress, 134

Prevention and Treatment of Stress Disorders, 135

Prevention, 135

Treatment for Stress Disorders, 135

Trauma and Physical Health, 138

Unresolved Issues: What Should the Diagnostic Criteria for PTSD Be?, 138

Summary, 139

Key Terms, 140

Chapter 5. Panic, Anxiety, and Their Disorders, 141

The Fear and Anxiety Response Patterns, 143

Overview of the Anxiety Disorders and Their Commonalities, 144

Specific Phobias, 145

Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 146

Psychological Causal Factors, 146

Biological Causal Factors, 148

Treatments, 149

Social Phobias, 150

Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 151

Psychological Causal Factors, 151

Biological Causal Factors, 152

Treatments, 153

Panic Disorder with and without Agoraphobia, 154

Panic Disorder, 154

Agoraphobia, 155

Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 156

The Timing of a First Panic Attack, 156

Biological Causal Factors, 157

Psychological Causal Factors, 158

Treatments, 161

Developments in Practice 5.1: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder, 162

Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 163

Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 164

Psychological Causal Factors, 165

Biological Causal Factors, 166

Treatments, 167

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, 168

Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 170

Psychosocial Causal Factors, 170

Biological Causal Factors, 172

Treatments, 174

Sociocultural Causal Factors for all Anxiety Disorders, 175

Cultural Differences in Sources of Worry, 176

Taijin Kyofusho, 176

Unresolved Issues: Compulsive Hoarding: Is it a Subtype of OCD?, 177

Summary, 177

Key Terms, 179

Chapter 6. Mood Disorders and Suicide, 180

Mood Disorders, 181

What are Mood Disorders?, 181

Types of Mood Disorders, 182

The Prevalence of Mood Disorders, 183

Unipolar Mood Disorders, 183

Depressions That Are Not Mood Disorders, 184

Dysthymic Disorder, 185

Major Depressive Disorder, 186

Causal Factors in Unipolar Mood Disorders, 189

Biological Causal Factors, 189

Psychological Causal Factors, 193

Developments in Research 6.1: Sex Differences in Unipolar Depression, 199

Developments in Thinking 6.2: Comorbidity of Anxiety and Mood Disorders, 201

Bipolar Disorders, 203

Cyclothymic Disorder, 203

Bipolar Disorders (I and II), 204

Causal Factors In Bipolar Disorder, 207

Biological Causal Factors, 207

Psychosocial Causal Factors, 208

Sociocultural Factors Affecting Unipolar and Bipolar Disorders, 209

Cross-Cultural Differences in Depressive Symptoms, 209

Cross-Cultural Differences in Prevalence, 210

Demographic Differences in the United States, 210

Treatments and Outcomes, 211

Pharmacotherapy, 211

Alternative Biological Treatments, 213

Psychotherapy, 213

Suicide, 215

The Clinical Picture and the Causal Pattern, 216

Who Attempts and Who Commits Suicide?, 216

Suicide in Children, 216

Suicide in Adolescents and Young Adults, 217

Other Psychosocial Factors Associated with Suicide, 217

The World Around Us 6.3: Warning Signs for Student Suicide, 218

Biological Causal Factors, 218

Sociocultural Factors, 218

Communication of Suicidal Intent, 219

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