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  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0134548604
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0134548609
  • Author: Steven E. Barkan

Criminology: A Sociological Understanding [RENTAL EDITION]

Table of contents:

  1. Part 1 Understanding Crime and Victimization
  2. 1 Criminology and the Sociological Perspective
  3. Learning Objectives
  4. Chapter Outline
  5. The Sociological Perspective
  6. Review and Discuss
  7. The Mutual Relevance of Sociology and Criminology
  8. Intersectionality
  9. Review and Discuss
  10. The Rise of Sociological Criminology
  11. Crime, Deviance, and Criminal Law
  12. Consensus and Conflict in the Creation of Criminal Law
  13. Goals of Criminal Law
  14. An Overview of Criminal Law
  15. Legal Distinctions in Types of Crime
  16. Criminal Intent
  17. Legal Defenses to Criminal Liability
  18. Accident or Mistake
  19. Ignorance
  20. Duress
  21. Self-Defense
  22. Entrapment
  23. Insanity
  24. Review and Discuss
  25. Research Methods in Criminology
  26. Surveys
  27. Review and Discuss
  28. Experiments
  29. Qualitative Research: Observing and Intensive Interviewing
  30. Research Using Existing Data
  31. Comparative and Historical Research
  32. Conclusion
  33. Summary
  34. Key Terms
  35. What Would You Do?
  36. 2 Public Opinion, the News Media, and the Crime Problem
  37. Learning Objectives
  38. Chapter Outline
  39. A Brief Look Back
  40. Public Opinion and Crime Policy
  41. Review and Discuss
  42. News Media Coverage of Crime and Criminal Justice
  43. Overdramatization of Crime
  44. Crime Waves
  45. Overreporting of Crime (Violent)
  46. Review and Discuss
  47. Crime Myths
  48. Racial and Ethnic Minorities
  49. Youths
  50. Virtuous Victims
  51. Review and Discuss
  52. Other Problems in Media Coverage
  53. Effects of Media Coverage
  54. Public Ignorance
  55. Public Fear and Concern
  56. Obscuring Underlying Forces
  57. Diversion from White-Collar Crime
  58. Racial and Ethnic Stereotyping
  59. Review and Discuss
  60. Research on Public Beliefs about Crime and Criminal Justice
  61. Fear of Crime
  62. Structural Factors
  63. Individual Characteristics
  64. Consequences of Fear
  65. Review and Discuss
  66. Seriousness of Crime
  67. Punitiveness
  68. The Death Penalty
  69. Review and Discuss
  70. Views about the Police
  71. Perceptions of Criminal Injustice
  72. Views about Criminal Justice Spending
  73. A Final Word on Public Beliefs
  74. Conclusion
  75. Summary
  76. Key Terms
  77. What Would You Do?
  78. 3 The Measurement and Patterning of Criminal Behavior
  79. Learning Objectives
  80. Chapter Outline
  81. Measuring Crime
  82. Uniform Crime Reports
  83. How a Crime Becomes Official
  84. Critique of UCR Data
  85. Underestimation of the Amount of Crime
  86. Diversion of Attention from White-Collar Crime
  87. Misleading Data on the Characteristics of Arrestees
  88. Citizens’ Reporting of Crime
  89. Police Recording Practices and Scandals
  90. Different Definitions of Crimes
  91. School Reporting Practices
  92. NIBRS and Calls to the Police
  93. National Crime Victimization Survey
  94. Evaluating NCVS Data
  95. Self-Report Studies
  96. Critique of Self-Report Studies
  97. Evaluating UCR, NCVS, and Self-Report Data
  98. Review and Discuss
  99. Recent Trends in US Crime Rates
  100. Patterning of Criminal Behavior
  101. Geographical Patterns
  102. International Comparisons
  103. Review and Discuss
  104. Comparisons Within the United States
  105. Seasonal and Climatological Variations
  106. Social Patterns of Criminal Behavior
  107. Gender and Crime
  108. Explaining Women’s Low Crime Rates
  109. Are Girls and Women Becoming More Violent?
  110. Review and Discuss
  111. Race, Ethnicity, and Crime
  112. Explaining African American Crime Rates
  113. Latinos and Other Groups
  114. Immigrants
  115. Review and Discuss
  116. Social Class and Crime
  117. Review and Discuss
  118. Age and Crime
  119. Explaining the Age–Crime Relationship
  120. Gender, Race, and Age Combined
  121. Chronic Offenders and Criminal Careers
  122. Conclusion
  123. Summary
  124. Key Terms
  125. What Would You Do?
  126. 4 Victims and Victimization
  127. Learning Objectives
  128. Chapter Outline
  129. Defining Victims and Studying Victimization
  130. Review and Discuss
  131. The Patterning of Victimization
  132. Geographical Patterns
  133. Social Patterns
  134. Gender, Race, and Ethnicity
  135. Family Income
  136. Age
  137. Race, Gender, and Age Combined
  138. Review and Discuss
  139. Victim–Offender Relationship
  140. Strangers Versus Nonstrangers
  141. Intimate-Partner Violence
  142. Perceived Race, Gender, and Age of Offenders
  143. Review and Discuss
  144. Crime Characteristics
  145. Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs
  146. Time and Place of Occurrence
  147. Use of Weapons
  148. Victim Self-Protection and Resistance
  149. Explaining Victimization
  150. Lifestyle and Routine Activities Theories
  151. Deviant Lifestyles and Victimization
  152. Review and Discuss
  153. Physical Proximity and Victimization
  154. Review and Discuss
  155. Individual Traits
  156. Low Self-Control and Lack of Social Relationships
  157. Childhood Problems
  158. Mental Disorder
  159. Puberty
  160. Repeat Victimization
  161. Explaining Sociodemographic Variation in Victimization
  162. Review and Discuss
  163. Victimization of College Students and the Homeless
  164. College Students
  165. The Homeless
  166. Costs and Consequences of Victimization
  167. Economic and Medical Costs and Consequences
  168. Psychological Consequences
  169. Social and Behavioral Consequences
  170. Review and Discuss
  171. Victims in the Criminal Justice System
  172. Victims and Criminal Case Outcomes
  173. Victimization by White-Collar Crime
  174. Conclusion
  175. Summary
  176. Key Terms
  177. What Would You Do?
  178. Part 2 Explaining Crime
  179. 5 Classical and Neoclassical Perspectives
  180. Learning Objectives
  181. Chapter Outline
  182. Understanding Theories of Crime
  183. From Theology to Science
  184. God and Demons as Causes of Crime and Deviance
  185. The Age of Reason
  186. The Classical School of Criminology
  187. Review and Discuss
  188. The Rise of Positivism
  189. Neoclassical Perspectives
  190. Rational Choice Theory
  191. Evaluating Rational Choice Theory
  192. Deterrence Theory
  193. Types of Deterrence
  194. Taking a Closer Look at Deterrence
  195. Research on Deterrence
  196. Routine Activities Theory
  197. Evaluating Routine Activities Theory
  198. Theory and Policy
  199. Conclusion
  200. Summary
  201. Key Terms
  202. What Would You Do?
  203. 6 Biological and Psychological Explanations
  204. Learning Objectives
  205. Chapter Outline
  206. Biological Explanations
  207. Nineteenth-Century Views
  208. Phrenology
  209. Cesare Lombroso: Atavism
  210. Lombroso on Women
  211. Early Twentieth-Century Views
  212. Earnest Hooton: Biological Inferiority
  213. William Sheldon: Body Shapes
  214. Contemporary Explanations
  215. Family, Heredity, and Genes
  216. Early Research
  217. Twin Studies
  218. Adoption Studies
  219. Molecular Genetics
  220. Evolutionary Biology
  221. Chromosomal Abnormalities
  222. Brain Abnormalities
  223. Neurochemical Factors
  224. Hormones: Testosterone and Male Criminality
  225. Hormones: PMS and Crime by Women
  226. Neurotransmitters
  227. Nutrition and Diet
  228. Pregnancy and Birth Complications
  229. Early Puberty
  230. Evaluation of Biological Explanations
  231. Review and Discuss
  232. Psychological Explanations
  233. Psychoanalytic Explanations
  234. Moral Development and Crime
  235. Intelligence and Crime
  236. Race, IQ, and Crime
  237. Review and Discuss
  238. Personality and Crime
  239. Evaluation of Psychological Explanations
  240. Abnormality or Normality?
  241. Theory and Policy
  242. Review and Discuss
  243. Conclusion
  244. Summary
  245. Key Terms
  246. What Would You Do?
  247. 7 Sociological Theories: Emphasis on Social Structure
  248. Learning Objectives
  249. Chapter Outline
  250. The Legacy of Durkheim
  251. Review and Discuss
  252. Social Disorganization and Social Ecology
  253. Clifford R. Shaw and Henry D. Mckay
  254. Critiques of Social Disorganization Theory
  255. The Revival of Social Disorganization Theory
  256. Other Ecological Work
  257. Extreme Poverty and Crime
  258. Kinds of Places Versus Kinds of People
  259. Review and Discuss
  260. Anomie and Strain Theory
  261. Evaluation of Anomie Theory
  262. Defense and Extension of Anomie Theory
  263. General Strain Theory
  264. Review and Discuss
  265. Subcultural Theories
  266. Albert K. Cohen: School Failure and Delinquent Subcultures
  267. Evaluation of Cohen’s Status Frustration Theory
  268. Walter B. Miller: Focal Concerns
  269. Evaluation of Miller’s View

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