Name: Solutions Manual to accompany Transport Phenomena 2nd edition 9780471410775
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This is completed downloadable of Solutions Manual to accompany Transport Phenomena 2nd edition 9780471410775

Product Details:

ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0471410772
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0471410775
Author: R. Byron Bird (Author), Warren E. Stewart (Author), Edwin N. Lightfoot (Author)

Careful attention is paid to the presentation of the basic theory.
* Enhanced sections throughout text provide much firmer foundation than the first edition.
* Literature citations are given throughout for reference to additional material.

Table of Content:

Chapter 0. The Subject of Transport Phenomena
Part One. Momentum Transport
Chapter 1. Viscosity and the Mechanisms of Momentum Transport
1.1 Newton’s Law of Viscosity (Molecular Momentum Transport)
EXAMPLE 1.1-1 Calculation of Momentum Flux
1.2 Generalization of Newton’s Law of Viscosity
1.3 Pressure and Temperature Dependence of Viscosity
EXAMPLE 1.3-1 Estimation of Viscosity from Critical Properties
1.4 Molecular Theory of the Viscosity of Gases at Low Density
EXAMPLE 1.4-1 Computation of the Viscosity of a Pure Gas at Low Density
EXAMPLE 1.4-2 Prediction of the Viscosity of a Gas Mixture at Low Density
1.5 Molecular Theory of the Viscosity of Liquids
EXAMPLE 1.5-1 Estimation of the Viscosity of a Pure Liquid
1.6 Viscosity of Suspensions and Emulsions
1.7 Convective Momentum Transport
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 2. Shell Momentum Balances and Velocity Distributions in Laminar Flow
2.1 Shell Momentum Balances and Boundary Conditions
2.2 Flow of a Falling Film
EXAMPLE 2.2-1 Calculation of Film Velocity
EXAMPLE 2.2-2 Falling Film with Variable Viscosity
2.3 Flow Through a Circular Tube
EXAMPLE 2.3-1 Determination of Viscosity from Capillary Flow Data
EXAMPLE 2.3-2 Compressible Flow in a Horizontal Circular Tube
2.4 Flow through an Annulus
2.5 Flow of Two Adjacent Immiscible Fluids
2.6 Creeping Flow around a Sphere
EXAMPLE 2.6-1 Determination of Viscosity from the Terminal Velocity of a Falling Sphere
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 3. The Equations of Change for Isothermal Systems
3.1 The Equation of Continuity
EXAMPLE 3.1-1 Normal Stresses at Solid Surfaces for Incompressible Newtonian Fluids
3.2 The Equation of Motion
3.3 The Equation of Mechanical Energy
3.4 The Equation of Angular Momentum
3.5 The Equations of Change in Terms of the Substantial Derivative
EXAMPLE 3.5-1 The Bernoulli Equation for the Steady Flow of Inviscid Fluids
3.6 Use of the Equations of Change to Solve Flow Problems
EXAMPLE 3.6-1 Steady Flow in a Long Circular Tube
EXAMPLE 3.6-2 Falling Film with Variable Viscosity
EXAMPLE 3.6-3 Operation of a Couette Viscometer
EXAMPLE 3.6-4 Shape of the Surface of a Rotating Liquid
EXAMPLE 3.6-5 Flow near a Slowly Rotating Sphere
3.7 Dimensional Analysis of the Equations of Change
EXAMPLE 3.7-1 Transverse Flow around a Circular Cylinder
EXAMPLE 3.7-2 Steady Flow in an Agitated Tank
EXAMPLE 3.7-3 Pressure Drop for Creeping Flow in a Packed Tube
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 4. Velocity Distributions with More than One Independent Variable
4.1 Time-Dependent Flow of Newtonian Fluids
EXAMPLE 4.1-1 Flow near a Wall Suddenly Set in Motion
EXAMPLE 4.1-2 Unsteady Laminar Flow between Two Parallel Plates
EXAMPLE 4.1-3 Unsteady Laminar Flow near an Oscillating Plate
4.2 Solving Flow Problems Using a Stream Function
EXAMPLE 4.2-1 Creeping Flow around a Sphere
4.3 Flow of Inviscid Fluids by Use of the Velocity Potential
EXAMPLE 4.3-1 Potential Flow around a Cylinder
EXAMPLE 4.3-2 Flow into a Rectangular Channel
EXAMPLE 4.3-3 Flow near a Corner
4.4 Flow near Solid Surfaces by Boundary-Layer Theory
EXAMPLE 4.4-1 Laminar Flow along a Flat Plate (Approximate Solution)
EXAMPLE 4.4-2 Laminar Flow along a Flat Plate (Exact Solution)
EXAMPLE 4.4-3 Flow near a Corner
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 5. Velocity Distributions in Turbulent Flow
5.1 Comparisons of Laminar and Turbulent Flows
5.2 Time-Smoothed Equations of Change for Incompressible Fluids
5.3 The Time-Smoothed Velocity Profile near a Wall
5.4 Empirical Expressions for the Turbulent Momentum Flux
EXAMPLE 5.4-1 Development of the Reynolds Stress Expression in the Vicinity of the Wall
5.5 Turbulent Flow in Ducts
EXAMPLE 5.5-1 Estimation of the Average Velocity in a Circular Tube
EXAMPLE 5.5-2 Application of Prandtl’s Mixing Length Formula to Turbulent Flow in a Circular Tube
EXAMPLE 5.5-3 Relative Magnitude of Viscosity and Eddy Viscosity
5.6 Turbulent Flow in Jets
EXAMPLE 5.6-1 Time-Smoothed Velocity Distribution in a Circular Wall Jet
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 6. Interphase Transport in Isothermal Systems
6.1 Definition of Friction Factors
6.2 Friction Factors for Flow in Tubes
EXAMPLE 6.2-1 Pressure Drop Required for a Given Flow Rate
EXAMPLE 6.2-2 Flow Rate for a Given Pressure Drop
6.3 Friction Factors for Flow around Spheres
EXAMPLE 6.3-1 Determination of the Diameter of a Falling Sphere
6.4 Friction Factors for Packed Columns
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 7. Macroscopic Balances for Isothermal Flow Systems
7.1 The Macroscopic Mass Balance
EXAMPLE 7.1-1 Draining of a Spherical Tank
7.2 The Macroscopic Momentum Balance
EXAMPLE 7.2-1 Force Exerted by a Jet (Part a)
7.3 The Macroscopic Angular Momentum Balance
EXAMPLE 7.3-1 Torque on a Mixing Vessel
7.4 The Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance
EXAMPLE 7.4-1 Force Exerted by a Jet (Part b)
7.5 Estimation of the Viscous Loss
EXAMPLE 7.5-1 Power Requirement for Pipeline Flow
7.6 Use of the Macroscopic Balances for Steady-State Problems
EXAMPLE 7.6-1 Pressure Rise and Friction Loss in a Sudden Enlargement
EXAMPLE 7.6-2 Performance of a Liquid–Liquid Ejector
EXAMPLE 7.6-3 Thrust on a Pipe Bend
EXAMPLE 7.6-4 The Impinging Jet
EXAMPLE 7.6-5 Isothermal Flow of a Liquid through an Orifice
7.7 Use of the Macroscopic Balances for Unsteady-State Problems
EXAMPLE 7.7.1 Acceleration Effects in Unsteady Flow from a Cylindrical Tank
EXAMPLE 7.7-2 Manometer Oscillations
7.8 Derivation of the Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 8. Polymeric Liquids
8.1 Examples of the Behavior of Polymeric Liquids
8.2 Rheometry and Material Functions
8.3 Non-Newtonian Viscosity and the Generalized Newtonian Models
EXAMPLE 8.3-1 Laminar Flow of an Incompressible Power-Law Fluid in a Circular Tube
EXAMPLE 8.3-2 Flow of a Power-Law Fluid in a Narrow Slit
EXAMPLE 8.3-3 Tangential Annular Flow of a Power-Law Fluid
8.4 Elasticity and the Linear Viscoelastic Models
EXAMPLE 8.4-1 Small-Amplitude Oscillatory Motion
EXAMPLE 8.4-2 Unsteady Viscoelastic Flow near an Oscillating Plate
8.5 The Corotational Derivatives and the Nonlinear Viscoelastic Models
EXAMPLE 8.5-1 Material Functions for the Oldroyd 6-Constant Model
8.6 Molecular Theories for Polymeric Liquids
EXAMPLE 8.6-1 Material Functions for the FENE-P Model
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Part Two. Energy Transport
Chapter 9. Thermal Conductivity and the Mechanisms of Energy Transport
9.1 Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction (Molecular Energy Transport)
EXAMPLE 9.1-1 Measurement of Thermal Conductivity
9.2 Temperature and Pressure Dependence of Thermal Conductivity
EXAMPLE 9.2-1 Effect of Pressure on Thermal Conductivity
9.3 Theory of Thermal Conductivity of Gases at Low Density
EXAMPLE 9.3-1 Computation of the Thermal Conductivity of a Monatomic Gas at Low Density
EXAMPLE 9.3-2 Estimation of the Thermal Conductivity of a Polyatomic Gas at Low Density
EXAMPLE 9.3-3 Prediction of the Thermal Conductivity of a Gas Mixture at Low Density
9.4 Theory of Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
EXAMPLE 9.4-1 Prediction of the Thermal Conductivity of a Liquid
9.5 Thermal Conductivity of Solids
9.6 Effective Thermal Conductivity of Composite Solids
9.7 Convective Transport of Energy
9.8 Work Associated with Molecular Motions
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 10. Shell Energy Balances and Temperature Distributions in Solids and Laminar Flow
10.1 Shell Energy Balances; Boundary Conditions
10.2 Heat Conduction with an Electrical Heat Source
EXAMPLE 10.2-1 Voltage Required for a Given Temperature Rise in a Wire Heated by an Electric Current
EXAMPLE 10.2-2 Heated Wire with Specified Heat Transfer Coefficient and Ambient Air Temperature
10.3 Heat Conduction with a Nuclear Heat Source
10.4 Heat Conduction with a Viscous Heat Source
10.5 Heat Conduction with a Chemical Heat Source
10.6 Heat Conduction through Composite Walls
EXAMPLE 10.6-1 Composite Cylindrical Walls
10.7 Heat Conduction in a Cooling Fin
EXAMPLE 10.7-1 Error in Thermocouple Measurement
10.8 Forced Convection
10.9 Free Convection
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 11. The Equations of Change for Nonisothermal Systems
11.1 The Energy Equation
11.2 Special Forms of the Energy Equation
11.3 The Boussinesq Equation of Motion for Forced and Free Convection
11.4 Use of the Equations of Change to Solve Steady-State Problems
EXAMPLE 11.4-1 Steady-State Forced-Convection Heat Transfer in Laminar Flow in a Circular Tube
EXAMPLE 11.4-2 Tangential Flow in an Annulus with Viscous Heat Generation
EXAMPLE 11.4-3 Steady Flow in a Nonisothermal Film
EXAMPLE 11.4-4 Transpiration Cooling
EXAMPLE 11.4-5 Free Convection Heat Transfer from a Vertical Plate
EXAMPLE 11.4-6 Adiabatic Frictionless Processes in an Ideal Gas
EXAMPLE 11.4-7 One-Dimensional Compressible Flow: Velocity, Temperature, and Pressure Profiles in a
11.5 Dimensional Analysis of the Equations of Change for Nonisothermal Systems
EXAMPLE 11.5-1 Temperature Distribution about a Long Cylinder
EXAMPLE 11.5-2 Free Convection in a Horizontal Fluid Layer; Formation of Bénard Cells
EXAMPLE 11.5-3 Surface Temperature of an Electrical Heating Coil
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 12. Temperature Distributions with More than One Independent Variable
12.1 Unsteady Heat Conduction in Solids
EXAMPLE 12.1-1 Heating of a Semi-Infinite Slab
EXAMPLE 12.1-2 Heating of a Finite Slab
EXAMPLE 12.1-3 Unsteady Heat Conduction near a Wall with Sinusoidal Heat Flux
EXAMPLE 12.1-4 Cooling of a Sphere in Contact with a Well-Stirred Fluid
12.2 Steady Heat Conduction in Laminar, Incompressible Flow
EXAMPLE 12.2-1 Laminar Tube Flow with Constant Heat Flux at the Wall
EXAMPLE 12.2-2 Laminar Tube Flow with Constant Heat Flux at the Wall: Asymptotic Solution for the En
12.3 Steady Potential Flow of Heat in Solids
EXAMPLE 12.3-1 Temperature Distribution in a Wall
12.4 Boundary Layer Theory for Nonisothermal Flow
EXAMPLE 12.4-1 Heat Transfer in Laminar Forced Convection along a Heated Flat Plate (the von Kármá
EXAMPLE 12.4-2 Heat Transfer in Laminar Forced Convection along a Heated Flat Plate (Asymptotic Solu
EXAMPLE 12.4-3 Forced Convection in Steady Three-Dimensional Flow at High Prandtl Numbers
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 13. Temperature Distributions in Turbulent Flow
13.1 Time-Smoothed Equations of Change for Incompressible Nonisothermal Flow
13.2 The Time-Smoothed Temperature Profile near a Wall
13.3 Empirical Expressions for the Turbulent Heat Flux
EXAMPLE 13.3-1 An Approximate Relation for the Wall Heat Flux for Turbulent Flow in a Tube
13.4 Temperature Distribution for Turbulent Flow in Tubes
13.5 Temperature Distribution for Turbulent Flow in Jets
13.6 Fourier Analysis of Energy Transport in Tube Flow at Large Prandtl Numbers
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 14. Interphase Transport in Nonisothermal Systems
14.1 Definitions of Heat Transfer Coefficients
EXAMPLE 14.1-1 Calculation of Heat Transfer Coefficients from Experimental Data
14.2 Analytical Calculations of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Forced Convection through Tubes and S
14.3 Heat Transfer Coefficients for Forced Convection in Tubes
EXAMPLE 14.3-1 Design of a Tubular Heater
14.4 Heat Transfer Coefficients for Forced Convection around Submerged Objects
14.5 Heat Transfer Coefficients for Forced Convection through Packed Beds
14.6 Heat Transfer Coefficients for Free and Mixed Convection
EXAMPLE 14.6-1 Heat Loss by Free Convection from a Horizontal Pipe
14.7 Heat Transfer Coefficients for Condensation of Pure Vapors on Solid Surfaces
EXAMPLE 14.7-1 Condensation of Steam on a Vertical Surface
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 15. Macroscopic Balances for Nonisothermal Systems
15.1 The Macroscopic Energy Balance
15.2 The Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance
15.3 Use of the Macroscopic Balances to Solve Steady-State Problems with Flat Velocity Profiles
EXAMPLE 15.3-1 The Cooling of an Ideal Gas
EXAMPLE 15.3-2 Mixing of Two Ideal Gas Streams
15.4 The d-Forms of the Macroscopic Balances
EXAMPLE 15.4-1 Parallel- or Counter-Flow Heat Exchangers
EXAMPLE 15.4-2 Power Requirement for Pumping a Compressible Fluid through a Long Pipe
15.5 Use of the Macroscopic Balances to Solve Unsteady-State Problems and Problems with Nonflat Velo
EXAMPLE 15.5-1 Heating of a Liquid in an Agitated Tank
EXAMPLE 15.5-2 Operation of a Simple Temperature Controller
EXAMPLE 15.5-3 Flow of Compressible Fluids through Head Meters
EXAMPLE 15.5-4 Free Batch Expansion of a Compressible Fluid
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 16. Energy Transport by Radiation
16.1 The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Radiation
16.2 Absorption and Emission at Solid Surfaces
16.3 Planck’s Distribution Law, Wien’s Displacement Law, and the Stefan–Boltzmann Law
EXAMPLE 16.3-1 Temperature and Radiation-Energy Emission of the Sun
16.4 Direct Radiation between Black Bodies in Vacuo at Different Temperatures
EXAMPLE 16.4-1 Estimation of the Solar Constant
EXAMPLE 16.4-2 Radiant Heat Transfer between Disks
16.5 Radiation between Nonblack Bodies at Different Temperatures
EXAMPLE 16.5-1 Radiation Shields
EXAMPLE 16.5-2 Radiation and Free-Convection Heat Losses from a Horizontal Pipe
EXAMPLE 16.5-3 Combined Radiation and Convection
16.6 Radiant Energy Transport in Absorbing Media
EXAMPLE 16.6-1 Absorption of a Monochromatic Radiant Beam
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Part Three. Mass Transport
Chapter 17. Diffusivity and the Mechanisms of Mass Transport
17.1 Fick’s Law of Binary Diffusion (Molecular Mass Transport)
EXAMPLE 17.1-1. Diffusion of Helium through Pyrex Glass
EXAMPLE 17.1-2 The Equivalence of DAB and DBA
17.2 Temperature and Pressure Dependence of Diffusivities
EXAMPLE 17.2-1 Estimation of Diffusivity at Low Density
EXAMPLE 17.2-2 Estimation of Self-Diffusivity at High Density
EXAMPLE 17.2-3 Estimation of Binary Diffusivity at High Density
17.3 Theory of Diffusion in Gases at Low Density
EXAMPLE 17.3-1 Computation of Mass Diffusivity for Low-Density Monatomic Gases
17.4 Theory of Diffusion in Binary Liquids
EXAMPLE 17.4-1 Estimation of Liquid Diffusivity
17.5 Theory of Diffusion in Colloidal Suspensions
17.6 Theory of Diffusion in Polymers
17.7 Mass and Molar Transport by Convection
17.8 Summary of Mass and Molar Fluxes
17.9 The Maxwell–Stefan Equations for Multicomponent Diffusion in Gases at Low Density
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 18. Concentration Distributions in Solids and Laminar Flow
18.1 Shell Mass Balances; Boundary Conditions
18.2 Diffusion through a Stagnant Gas Film
EXAMPLE 18.2-1 Diffusion with a Moving Interface
EXAMPLE 18.2-2 Determination of Diffusivity
EXAMPLE 18.2-3 Diffusion through a Nonisothermal Spherical Film
18.3 Diffusion with a Heterogeneous Chemical Reaction
EXAMPLE 18.3-1 Diffusion with a Slow Heterogeneous Reaction
18.4 Diffusion with a Homogeneous Chemical Reaction
EXAMPLE 18.4-1 Gas Absorption with Chemical Reaction in an Agitated Tank
18.5 Diffusion into a Falling Liquid Film (Gas Absorption)
EXAMPLE 18.5-1 Gas Absorption from Rising Bubbles
18.6 Diffusion into a Falling Liquid Film (Solid Dissolution)
18.7 Diffusion and Chemical Reaction inside a Porous Catalyst
18.8 Diffusion in a Three-Component Gas System
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 19. Equations of Change for Multicomponent Systems
19.1 The Equations of Continuity for a Multicomponent Mixture
EXAMPLE 19.1-1 Diffusion, Convection, and Chemical Reaction
19.2 Summary of the Multicomponent Equations of Change
19.3 Summary of the Multicomponent Fluxes
EXAMPLE 19.3-1 The Partial Molar Enthalpy
19.4 Use of the Equations of Change for Mixtures
EXAMPLE 19.4-1 Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transport
EXAMPLE 19.4-2 Concentration Profile in a Tubular Reactor
EXAMPLE 19.4-3 Catalytic Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide
EXAMPLE 19.4-4 Thermal Conductivity of a Polyatomic Gas
19.5 Dimensional Analysis of the Equations of Change for Nonreacting Binary Mixtures
EXAMPLE 19.5-1 Concentration Distribution about a Long Cylinder
EXAMPLE 19.5-2 Fog Formation during Dehumidification
EXAMPLE 19.5-3 Blending of Miscible Fluids
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 20. Concentration Distributions with More than One Independent Variable
20.1 Time-Dependent Diffusion
EXAMPLE 20.1-1 Unsteady-State Evaporation of a Liquid (the “Arnold Problem”)
EXAMPLE 20.1-2 Gas Absorption with Rapid Reaction
EXAMPLE 20.1-3 Unsteady Diffusion with First-Order Homogeneous Reaction
EXAMPLE 20.1-4 Influence of Changing Interfacial Area on Mass Transfer at an Interface
20.2 Steady-State Transport in Binary Boundary Layers
EXAMPLE 20.2-1 Diffusion and Chemical Reaction in Isothermal Laminar Flow along a Soluble Flat Plate
EXAMPLE 20.2-2 Forced Convection from a Flat Plate at High Mass-Transfer Rates
EXAMPLE 20.2-3 Approximate Analogies for the Flat Plate at Low Mass-Transfer Rates
20.3 Steady-State Boundary-Layer Theory for Flow around Objects
EXAMPLE 20.3-1 Mass Transfer for Creeping Flow around a Gas Bubble
20.4 Boundary Layer Mass Transport with Complex Interfacial Motion
EXAMPLE 20.4-1 Mass Transfer with Nonuniform Interfacial Deformation
EXAMPLE 20.4-2 Gas Absorption with Rapid Reaction and Interfacial Deformation
20.5 “Taylor Dispersion” in Laminar Tube Flow
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 21. Concentration Distributions in Turbulent Flow
21.1 Concentration Fluctuations and the Time-Smoothed Concentration
21.2 Time-Smoothing of the Equation of Continuity of A
21.3 Semi-Empirical Expressions for the Turbulent Mass Flux
21.4 Enhancement of Mass Transfer by a First-Order Reaction in Turbulent Flow
21.5 Turbulent Mixing and Turbulent Flow with Second-Order Reaction
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 22. Interphase Transport in Nonisothermal Mixtures
22.1 Definition of Transfer Coefficients in One Phase
22.2 Analytical Expressions for Mass Transfer Coefficients
22.3 Correlation of Binary Transfer Coefficients in One Phase
EXAMPLE 22.3-1 Evaporation from a Freely Falling Drop
EXAMPLE 22.3-2 The Wet and Dry Bulb Psychrometer
EXAMPLE 22.3-3 Mass Transfer in Creeping Flow through Packed Beds
EXAMPLE 22.3-4 Mass Transfer to Drops and Bubbles
22.4 Definition of Transfer Coefficients in Two Phases
EXAMPLE 22.4-1 Determination of the Controlling Resistance
EXAMPLE 22.4-2 Interaction of Phase Resistances
EXAMPLE 22.4-3 Area Averaging
22.5 Mass Transfer and Chemical Reactions
EXAMPLE 22.5-1 Estimation of the Interfacial Area in a Packed Column
EXAMPLE 22.5-2 Estimation of Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficients
EXAMPLE 22.5-3 Model-Insensitive Correlations for Absorption with Rapid Reaction
22.6 Combined Heat and Mass Transfer by Free Convection
EXAMPLE 22.6-1 Additivity of Grashof Numbers
EXAMPLE 22.6-2 Free-Convection Heat Transfer as a Source of Forced-Convection Mass Transfer
22.7 Effects of Interfacial Forces on Heat and Mass Transfer
EXAMPLE 22.7-1 Elimination of Circulation in a Rising Gas Bubble
EXAMPLE 22.7-2 Marangoni Instability in a Falling Film
22.8 Transfer Coefficients at High Net Mass Transfer Rates
EXAMPLE 22.8-1 Rapid Evaporation of a Liquid from a Plane Surface
EXAMPLE 22.8-2 Correction Factors in Droplet Evaporation
EXAMPLE 22.8-3 Wet-Bulb Performance Corrected for Mass-Transfer Rate
EXAMPLE 22.8-4 Comparison of Film and Penetration Models for Unsteady Evaporation in a Long Tube
EXAMPLE 22.8-5 Concentration Polarization in Ultrafiltration
22.9 Matrix Approximations for Multicomponent Mass Transport
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 23. Macroscopic Balances for Multicomponent Systems
23.1 The Macroscopic Mass Balances
EXAMPLE 23.1-1 Disposal of an Unstable Waste Product
EXAMPLE 23.1-2 Binary Splitters
EXAMPLE 23.1-3 The Macroscopic Balances and Dirac’s “Separative Capacity” and “Value Functio
EXAMPLE 23.1-4 Compartmental Analysis
EXAMPLE 23.1-5 Time Constants and Model Insensitivity
23.2 The Macroscopic Momentum and Angular Momentum Balances
23.3 The Macroscopic Energy Balance
23.4 The Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance
23.5 Use of the Macroscopic Balances to Solve Steady-State Problems
EXAMPLE 23.5-1 Energy Balances for a Sulfur Dioxide Converter
EXAMPLE 23.5-2 Height of a Packed-Tower Absorber
EXAMPLE 23.5-3 Linear Cascades
EXAMPLE 23.5-4 Expansion of a Reactive Gas Mixture through a Frictionless Adiabatic Nozzle
23.6 Use of the Macroscopic Balances to Solve Unsteady-State Problems
EXAMPLE 23.6-1 Start-Up of a Chemical Reactor
EXAMPLE 23.6-2 Unsteady Operation of a Packed Column
EXAMPLE 23.6-3 The Utility of Low-Order Moments
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Chapter 24. Other Mechanisms for Mass Transport
24.1 The Equation of Change for Entropy
24.2 The Flux Expressions for Heat and Mass
EXAMPLE 24.2-1 Thermal Diffusion and the Clusius–Dickel Column
EXAMPLE 24.2-2 Pressure Diffusion and the Ultracentrifuge
24.3 Concentration Diffusion and Driving Forces
24.4 Applications of the Generalized Maxwell–Stefan Equations
EXAMPLE 24.4-1 Centrifugation of Proteins
EXAMPLE 24.4-2 Proteins as Hydrodynamic Particles
EXAMPLE 24.4-3 Diffusion of Salts in an Aqueous Solution
EXAMPLE 24.4-4 Departures from Local Electroneutrality: Electro-Osmosis
EXAMPLE 24.4-5 Additional Mass-Transfer Driving Forces
24.5 Mass Transport across Selectively Permeable Membranes
EXAMPLE 24.5-1 Concentration Diffusion between Preexisting Bulk Phases
EXAMPLE 24.5-2 Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis
EXAMPLE 24.5-3 Charged Membranes and Donnan Exclusion
24.6 Mass Transport in Porous Media
EXAMPLE 24.6-1 Knudsen Diffusion
EXAMPLE 24.6-2 Transport from a Binary External Solution
Questions for Discussion
Problems
Postface
Appendices
appendix A. Vector and Tensor Notation
A.1 Vector Operations from a Geometrical Viewpoint
A.2 Vector Operations in Terms of Components
EXAMPLE A.2-1 Proof of a Vector Identity
A.3 Tensor Operations in Terms of Components
A.4 Vector and Tensor Differential Operations
EXAMPLE A.4-1 Proof of a Tensor Identity
A.5 Vector and Tensor Integral Theorems
A.6 Vector and Tensor Algebra in Curvilinear Coordinates
A.7 Differential Operations in Curvilinear Coordinates
EXAMPLE A.7-1 Differential Operations in Cylindrical Coordinates
EXAMPLE A.7-2 Differential Operations in Spherical Coordinates
A.8 Integral Operations in Curvilinear Coordinates
A.9 Further Comments on Vector–Tensor Notation
appendix B. Fluxes and the Equations of Change
B.1 Newton’s Law of Viscosity
B.2 Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction
B.3 Fick’s (First) Law of Binary Diffusion
B.4 The Equation of Continuity
B.5 The Equation of Motion in Terms of τ
B.6 The Equation of Motion for a Newtonian Fluid with Constant ρ and μ
B.7 The Dissipation Function Фv for Newtonian Fluids
B.8 The Equation of Energy in Terms of q
B.9 The Equation of Energy for Pure Newtonian Fluids with Constant ρ and k
B.10 The Equation of Continuity for Species α in Terms of jα
B.11 The Equation of Continuity for Species A in Terms of ωA for Constant ρDAB
appendix C. Mathematical Topics
C.1 Some Ordinary Differential Equations and Their Solutions
C.2 Expansions of Functions in Taylor Series
C.3 Differentiation of Integrals (the Leibniz Formula)
C.4 The Gamma Function
C.5 The Hyperbolic Functions
C.6 The Error Function
appendix D. The Kinetic Theory of Gases
D.1 The Boltzmann Equation
D.2 The Equations of Change
D.3 The Molecular Expressions for the Fluxes
D.4 The Solution to the Boltzmann Equation
D.5 The Fluxes in Terms of the Transport Properties
D.6 The Transport Properties in Terms of the Intermolecular Forces
D.7 Concluding Comments
appendix E. Tables for Prediction of Transport Properties
E.1 Intermolecular Force Parameters and Critical Properties
E.2 Functions for Prediction of Transport Properties of Gases at Low Densities
appendix F. Constants and Conversion Factors
F.1 Mathematical Constants
F.2 Physical Constants
F.3 Conversion Factors
Notation
Author Index
Subject Index
About the Authors