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Test Bank For Controlling the Dangerous Classes: A History of Criminal Justice in America (2nd Edition) 2nd Edition

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This is completed downloadable of Test Bank For Controlling the Dangerous Classes: A History of Criminal Justice in America (2nd Edition) 2nd Edition

Product Details:

  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1478634863
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1478634867
  • Author:   Randall G. Shelden (Author), Pavel V. Vasiliev (Author)

Throughout history, the powerful have created laws, developed agencies to enforce those laws, and established institutions to punish lawbreakers. Maintaining the social order to their advantage resulted in the systematic repression of disadvantaged groups the “dangerous classes.” The third edition retains a historical approach to exploring patterns of social control and, through current examples, demonstrates how those strategies continue today.

The authors trace the roots of race, class, and gender bias in how laws are written, interpreted, and applied. The management of dangerous classes is not a recent phenomenon; there is a long history of keeping those who derive the least advantage from the status quo (and therefore pose the greatest threat) under control. There was and is one system of justice for the privileged and a very different system for the less privileged. The criminal justice system from the law to daily operations of the police, courts, and corrections generally comes down hardest on those with the least amount of power and influence and is the most lenient with those with the most power and influence.

The book raises critical questions. What is a crime? What is law? Whose interests are served by the law and the criminal justice system? What patterns are repeated generation after generation? How does the criminal justice system relate to larger issues such as social inequality, social class, race, and gender? Contemplation of these topics contributes to informed public dialogue and careful deliberation about the present state and the future of criminal justice.

 

Table of Content:

  1. Chapter One – Perpetuating the Class System: The Development of Criminal Law
  2. Criminal Law in Ancient Times
  3. Emergence of Criminal Law in Athens
  4. Criminal Law in Rome
  5. Acephalous Societies and Law
  6. Criminal Law in Medieval Times
  7. Emergence of Criminal Law in England
  8. Criminal Law as an Ideological System of Control
  9. Emergence of the Concept of Crime
  10. The Law of Theft
  11. The Law of Vagrancy
  12. Emergence of Criminal Law in the United States
  13. Racism and the Law
  14. The Tramp Acts
  15. Controlling the Dangerous Classes through Drug Laws
  16. Opiates
  17. Cocaine
  18. Marijuana
  19. Crack Cocaine
  20. The Impact of Drug Laws
  21. Some Progress
  22. Whose Interest Does the Law Serve?
  23. Notes
  24. Chapter Two – The Development of the Police Institution: Controlling the Dangerous Classes
  25. Early Police Systems
  26. The Emergence of the Police Institution in England
  27. The Metropolitan Police of London
  28. Sir Robert Peel
  29. The Development of the Police Institution in the United States
  30. Buffalo, New York
  31. The Rise and Growth of Private Policing
  32. The Growth of the Police Institution in the Twentieth Century
  33. The Progressive Era
  34. Policing the Ghetto in the 1960s
  35. Policing Strategies
  36. Community Policing
  37. Predictive Policing
  38. Police Corruption: A Continuing Problem
  39. Federal Corruption
  40. Law Enforcement Corruption in Major Cities
  41. Controlling the Dangerous Classes through the War on Drugs
  42. Abuse of Power
  43. Stop-and-Frisk
  44. Deadly Force
  45. The Militarization of Policing
  46. Notes
  47. Chapter Three – Processing the Dangerous Classes: The American Court System
  48. Introduction
  49. The Development of the Modern Court System: The Colonial System
  50. Elite Dominance of the Legal Profession in Colonial America
  51. The Justice of the Peace in Colonial America
  52. Processing Criminal Cases: Public versus Private Prosecution
  53. Upholding Morality
  54. Hunting for Witches and Religious Dissidents
  55. After the Revolution
  56. The Federal System and the Supreme Court
  57. Post-Civil War Changes in the Court System
  58. Detaining the Rabble
  59. The Right to Counsel
  60. Traditional versus Radical-Criminal Trials
  61. The Traditional Criminal Trial
  62. Challenging the System
  63. The Modern Era: The War on Drugs
  64. Supreme Court Cases
  65. Drug Courts
  66. Sentencing and Plea Bargains
  67. The Ultimate Sanction: The Death Penalty
  68. Application of the Death Penalty after Furman
  69. Racial Disparities
  70. Evolving Standards
  71. Wrongful Convictions
  72. Notes
  73. Chapter Four – Housing the Dangerous Classes: The Emergence and Growth of the Prison System
  74. Imprisonment as Punishment
  75. The Trafficking of Offenders
  76. Early Capitalism and the Emergence of the Workhouse
  77. Late Eighteenth Century Reforms and the Birth of the Prison System
  78. The Development of the American Prison System
  79. The Walnut Street Jail
  80. The Pennsylvania and Auburn Systems of Penal Discipline
  81. The Rise of the Reformatory
  82. Convict Labor
  83. Convict Leasing
  84. Slavery by Another Name
  85. Prison Reform during the Progressive Era
  86. Inmate Self-Government
  87. Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment
  88. The Decline in Prison Industries
  89. The Big House
  90. The Emergence of the Federal Prison System and “Correctionalists”
  91. The Federal Prison System
  92. The System of “Corrections”
  93. The Modern Era, 1980 to the Present
  94. Warehousing
  95. The New American Apartheid
  96. The American Gulag
  97. Notes
  98. Chapter Five – Controlling the Young: The Development of the Juvenile Justice System
  99. The Invention of Childhood
  100. Little Adults
  101. Literacy
  102. Schools
  103. Children in the Colonies
  104. Parens Patriae
  105. Defining a Juvenile Delinquent
  106. The House of Refuge Movement
  107. Early Nineteenth Century Conceptions of Delinquency
  108. Ex Parte Crouse
  109. People v. Turner
  110. Mid-Nineteenth Century Reforms
  111. Late-Nineteenth Century Reforms
  112. The Child-Saving Movement
  113. The Juvenile Court
  114. The San Francisco Industrial School
  115. Public Schools and Social Control
  116. Science in Service of Solutions
  117. The Eugenics Movement
  118. Biological Factors Predicting Violence
  119. Twentieth-Century Developments in Juvenile Justice
  120. Supreme Court Rulings
  121. Disproportionate Minority Contact
  122. Juvenile Justice in the Twenty-First Century
  123. Facilities, Arrests, and Placements
  124. Disproportionate Minority Contact Revisited
  125. Zero Tolerance Policies
  126. School to Prison Pipeline
  127. Kids for Cash
  128. Sentencing Decisions
  129. Harmful Practices
  130. Notes
  131. Chapter Six – Perpetuating Patriarchy: Keeping Women in Their Place
  132. Women and the Law
  133. Patriarchy
  134. Images of Women
  135. Punishing and Controlling Women
  136. A History of Women’s Prisons
  137. The Emergence of Women’s Reformatories
  138. The Role of Racism
  139. Controlling Women’s Bodies and Sexuality
  140. Girls and the Juvenile Justice System
  141. Keeping Girls in their Place: The Development of Institutions for Girls
  142. The Child-Saving Movement and Girls
  143. “The Best Place to Conquer Girls”
  144. The Juvenile Court and the Double Standard of Juvenile Justice
  145. Women and Criminal Justice Today
  146. Sentencing Patterns and the War on Drugs
  147. Criminalizing Pregnancy
  148. Women in Today’s Prisons and Jails
  149. Female Offenders and Their Children
  150. Background Characteristics of Women in Prison
  151. Women in Jail
  152. Notes
  153. Chapter Seven – Crime Control: Profiting from Controlling the Dangerous Classes
  154. Formal versus Informal Social Control
  155. Group Threat Theory
  156. Coercive Mobility
  157. The Crime Control Industry
  158. The Prison-Industrial Complex: Cashing in on Crime
  159. Reach Out and Touch Someone
  160. Pay to Stay
  161. Rural Prisons: Uplifting Rural Economies?
  162. Exploiting Prisoners to Enhance Rural Populations
  163. What Happens if a Prison Closes?
  164. Prison Labor: Auburn Plan Revisited
  165. The Privatization of Prisons: More Profits for Private Industry
  166. Some Serious Problems with Privatization
  167. Private Security: Crime Is Good for Business
  168. Notes
  169. Chapter Eight – Where Do We Go from Here?
  170. Governing through Crime
  171. The Importance of the Economy
  172. American-Style Capitalism Is the Real Culprit
  173. Downsizing and Outsourcing the American Dream
  174. The Growth and Perpetuation of the Dangerous Classes
  175. We Need Big Changes
  176. National Strategy
  177. Restorative Justice
  178. Procedural Justice
  179. Justice Reinvestment
  180. Decarceration
  181. So What Can I Do, You Ask?
  182. Notes
  183. References
  184. Index

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